:root{color:#e9f5ff;font-synthesis:none;text-rendering:optimizelegibility;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;--bg:#050b13;--surface:#091522;--surface-2:#0d1c2b;--surface-3:#11273a;--line:#8bc1e429;--line-strong:#8bdaff4d;--text:#edf8ff;--muted:#8fa6b9;--cyan:#37ddea;--cyan-soft:#a9f7ff;--blue:#278cff;--orange:#ff9b52;--violet:#b292ff;--green:#42e8a3;--yellow:#ffd568;--danger:#ff6b7a;--radius:18px;--shadow:0 22px 70px #00000045;background:#050b13;font-family:Inter,ui-sans-serif,system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,sans-serif}*{box-sizing:border-box}html{scroll-behavior:smooth}body{background:var(--bg);min-width:320px;min-height:100vh;margin:0}button,input,select{font:inherit}button,a{-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent;color:inherit}h1,h2,h3,p{margin-top:0}::selection{color:#fff;background:#37ddea40}:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--cyan);outline-offset:3px}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){*,:before,:after{scroll-behavior:auto!important;transition-duration:.01ms!important;animation-duration:.01ms!important;animation-iteration-count:1!important}}.app-shell{background:radial-gradient(circle at 75% -20%,#0077ff29,#0000 30%),#050b13;min-height:100vh}.route-loader{color:#7890a5;place-content:center;justify-items:center;gap:15px;min-height:100vh;font-size:12px;display:grid}.route-loader span{border:3px solid #17334a;border-top-color:var(--cyan);border-radius:50%;width:42px;height:42px;animation:.8s linear infinite spin}.sidebar{z-index:40;border-right:1px solid var(--line);-webkit-backdrop-filter:blur(20px);backdrop-filter:blur(20px);background:#06101bf5;flex-direction:column;width:260px;padding:22px 16px 18px;transition:width .25s,transform .25s;display:flex;position:fixed;inset:0 auto 0 0}.brand-row{justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;margin-bottom:25px;padding:0 5px;display:flex}.brand{align-items:center;gap:12px;min-width:0;text-decoration:none;display:flex}.brand-mark{color:#041019;background:linear-gradient(135deg, var(--cyan), #69a8ff);border-radius:13px;flex:0 0 42px;place-items:center;width:42px;height:42px;display:grid;box-shadow:0 0 30px #37ddea38}.brand-mark svg{width:24px}.brand strong{letter-spacing:-.3px;font-size:18px;display:block}.brand small{color:var(--muted);letter-spacing:1.5px;text-transform:uppercase;margin-top:2px;font-size:10px;display:block}.sidebar nav{gap:4px;padding-right:2px;display:grid;overflow-y:auto}.sidebar nav a,.presentation-link{color:#8ea6ba;white-space:nowrap;border-radius:11px;align-items:center;gap:12px;height:42px;padding:0 13px;font-size:13.5px;text-decoration:none;transition:all .2s;display:flex}.sidebar nav a svg,.presentation-link svg{flex:0 0 18px;width:18px}.sidebar nav a:hover{color:var(--text);background:#ffffff0b}.sidebar nav a.active{color:var(--cyan-soft);box-shadow:inset 3px 0 var(--cyan);background:linear-gradient(90deg,#37ddea24,#37ddea0a)}.sidebar-bottom{gap:10px;margin-top:auto;display:grid}.presentation-link{height:44px;color:var(--cyan-soft);background:#37ddea0f;border:1px solid #37ddea3d}.science-badge{border:1px solid var(--line);color:#b5c8d8;border-radius:12px;align-items:flex-start;gap:10px;padding:13px;font-size:11px;display:flex}.science-badge small{color:#617b90;margin-top:3px;font-size:9px;display:block}.status-dot,.live-dot{background:var(--green);width:7px;height:7px;box-shadow:0 0 9px var(--green);border-radius:50%;flex:0 0 7px;margin-top:4px}.collapse-button{color:#60788d;cursor:pointer;background:0 0;border:0;align-items:center;gap:12px;height:34px;padding:0 14px;font-size:12px;display:flex}.collapse-button svg{width:16px}.content{min-height:100vh;margin-left:260px;transition:margin .25s}.nav-collapsed .sidebar{width:82px}.nav-collapsed .content{margin-left:82px}.nav-collapsed .sidebar .brand>span:last-child,.nav-collapsed .sidebar nav a span,.nav-collapsed .presentation-link span,.nav-collapsed .science-badge>span:last-child,.nav-collapsed .collapse-button span{display:none}.nav-collapsed .brand-row,.nav-collapsed .sidebar nav a,.nav-collapsed .presentation-link,.nav-collapsed .collapse-button{justify-content:center;padding-inline:0}.nav-collapsed .science-badge{justify-content:center}.nav-collapsed .collapse-button svg{transform:rotate(180deg)}.mobile-menu,.close-mobile,.sidebar-backdrop{display:none}.page{width:min(1500px,100%);margin:0 auto;padding:42px clamp(24px,3vw,52px) 72px}.page-header{justify-content:space-between;align-items:flex-end;gap:24px;min-height:112px;margin-bottom:30px;display:flex}.page-header>div:first-child{max-width:850px}.eyebrow,.hero-kicker{color:var(--cyan);letter-spacing:1.8px;text-transform:uppercase;align-items:center;gap:7px;margin-bottom:10px;font-size:11px;font-weight:700;display:inline-flex}.page-header h1{letter-spacing:-2.2px;margin:0 0 10px;font-size:clamp(32px,4vw,54px);font-weight:660;line-height:1.02}.page-header p{color:var(--muted);max-width:780px;margin:0;line-height:1.65}.panel{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:var(--radius);box-shadow:var(--shadow);background:linear-gradient(145deg,#0f1f2feb,#07121eeb)}.button{cursor:pointer;border:1px solid #0000;border-radius:11px;justify-content:center;align-items:center;gap:9px;min-height:44px;padding:0 18px;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;text-decoration:none;transition:transform .2s,box-shadow .2s,border-color .2s;display:inline-flex}.button svg{width:17px}.button:hover{transform:translateY(-2px)}.button.primary{color:#031016;background:linear-gradient(135deg,#5bf0f2,#39b9ff);box-shadow:0 12px 30px #37ddea2e}.button.secondary{color:#d7e9f6;border-color:var(--line);background:#ffffff09}.header-actions{gap:10px;display:flex}.section-heading{text-align:center;margin:0 auto 30px}.section-heading.left{text-align:left;margin-left:0}.section-heading h2{letter-spacing:-1px;margin:0 0 8px;font-size:clamp(26px,3vw,38px)}.section-heading p{color:var(--muted)}.home-page{overflow:hidden}.hero-section{grid-template-columns:.92fr 1.08fr;align-items:center;gap:40px;min-height:720px;padding:70px clamp(24px,5vw,82px);display:grid;position:relative}.hero-section:after{content:"";background:linear-gradient(transparent, var(--line), transparent);width:1px;height:70%;position:absolute;top:12%;left:45%}.hero-copy{z-index:2;max-width:650px;position:relative}.hero-kicker{background:#37ddea0d;border:1px solid #37ddea33;border-radius:20px;padding:8px 12px}.hero-copy h1{letter-spacing:-4px;margin:20px 0 25px;font-size:clamp(48px,6vw,82px);font-weight:650;line-height:.98}.hero-copy h1 em{color:#0000;background:linear-gradient(100deg, var(--cyan), #6da8ff);-webkit-background-clip:text;background-clip:text;font-style:normal}.hero-copy>p{color:#9db2c3;max-width:590px;font-size:17px;line-height:1.72}.hero-actions{gap:12px;margin:32px 0;display:flex}.hero-facts{color:#70889c;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:1px;gap:28px;font-size:11px;display:flex}.hero-facts span{align-items:baseline;gap:6px;display:flex}.hero-facts strong{color:var(--text);letter-spacing:-.5px;font-size:18px}.hero-visual{min-width:0;position:relative}.hero-visual:before{content:"";filter:blur(70px);background:#278cff24;border-radius:50%;position:absolute;inset:15% 8%}.hero-visual .capacitor-canvas{border:1px solid #53b4ff21;border-radius:30px;height:540px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;box-shadow:inset 0 0 70px #13578e1a,0 30px 100px #0000004d}.visual-badge{z-index:2;-webkit-backdrop-filter:blur(12px);backdrop-filter:blur(12px);border:1px solid var(--line);color:#9eb4c6;background:#040d16bd;border-radius:9px;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:9px 12px;font-size:11px;display:flex;position:absolute;top:25px;left:25px}.floating-equation{z-index:2;-webkit-backdrop-filter:blur(12px);backdrop-filter:blur(12px);background:#050f19d1;border:1px solid #37ddea38;border-radius:12px;padding:15px 18px;position:absolute;bottom:22px;right:20px}.floating-equation span{color:#6d899e;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:1px;margin-bottom:5px;font-size:10px;display:block}.floating-equation strong{color:var(--cyan-soft);font-family:ui-monospace,monospace;font-size:16px}.module-overview{background:#09152273;border-block:1px solid #8bc1e414;padding:70px clamp(24px,5vw,82px) 95px}.module-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:16px;display:grid}.module-card{border:1px solid var(--line);background:linear-gradient(145deg,#102132cc,#08131fa6);border-radius:16px;min-height:260px;padding:26px;text-decoration:none;transition:all .25s;display:block;position:relative;overflow:hidden}.module-card:after{content:"";opacity:.04;filter:blur(2px);background:currentColor;border-radius:50%;width:120px;height:120px;position:absolute;bottom:-50px;right:-50px}.module-card:hover{border-color:#37ddea4d;transform:translateY(-6px);box-shadow:0 24px 60px #00000040}.module-card>svg{width:27px;height:27px;color:var(--cyan);margin:33px 0 20px}.module-card h3{margin:0 0 10px;font-size:18px}.module-card p{color:var(--muted);font-size:13px;line-height:1.6}.module-number{color:#40556a;font:700 12px ui-monospace,monospace;position:absolute;top:20px;right:22px}.card-link{color:#b6d1e4;align-items:center;gap:8px;font-size:12px;font-weight:700;display:flex;position:absolute;bottom:23px;left:26px}.card-link svg{width:14px}.accent-orange>svg,.accent-orange .application-icon{color:var(--orange)}.accent-violet>svg{color:var(--violet)}.accent-green>svg{color:var(--green)}.accent-yellow>svg{color:var(--yellow)}.learning-goal{border:1px solid var(--line);background:linear-gradient(110deg,#37ddea14,#0e233733);border-radius:18px;grid-template-columns:auto 1fr auto;align-items:center;gap:26px;margin:65px clamp(24px,5vw,82px);padding:35px;display:grid}.goal-icon{width:64px;height:64px;color:var(--cyan);background:#37ddea1a;border-radius:18px;place-items:center;display:grid}.learning-goal h2{margin:0 0 7px}.learning-goal p{color:var(--muted);margin:0;line-height:1.6}.slider-control{margin:20px 0;display:block}.slider-label{color:#a9bfd0;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:15px;margin-bottom:11px;font-size:12px;display:flex}.slider-label strong{color:var(--text);font:700 13px ui-monospace,monospace}.slider-control input{appearance:none;cursor:pointer;background:linear-gradient(to right, var(--cyan) 0 var(--range-progress), #17334a var(--range-progress) 100%);border-radius:4px;width:100%;height:4px}.slider-control input::-webkit-slider-thumb{appearance:none;background:#dffeff;border:4px solid #29bbc9;border-radius:50%;width:17px;height:17px;box-shadow:0 0 0 4px #37ddea1a}.range-bounds{color:#506a7e;justify-content:space-between;margin-top:7px;font-size:9px;display:flex}.select-control{color:#a9bfd0;gap:9px;margin:20px 0;font-size:12px;display:grid}.select-control select{color:#ddebfa;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#091827;border-radius:10px;width:100%;height:42px;padding:0 12px}.segmented{border:1px solid var(--line);background:#01091066;border-radius:11px;gap:3px;padding:4px;display:inline-flex}.segmented button{color:#748da1;cursor:pointer;background:0 0;border:0;border-radius:8px;min-height:35px;padding:0 15px;font-size:12px}.segmented button.active{color:#eaffff;background:#153349;box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 1px #37ddea29}.control-caption{color:#658095;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:1.5px;margin-bottom:9px;font-size:9px;font-weight:700;display:block}.metrics-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:14px;margin-top:16px;display:grid}.metrics-grid.five{grid-template-columns:repeat(5,1fr)}.metrics-grid.three{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}.metric-card{border:1px solid var(--line);background:linear-gradient(145deg,#0e1e2ed9,#07121dd9);border-radius:15px;align-items:center;gap:15px;min-height:106px;padding:19px;display:flex}.metric-icon{width:38px;height:38px;color:var(--cyan);background:#37ddea17;border-radius:11px;flex:0 0 38px;place-items:center;display:grid}.metric-icon svg{width:19px}.metric-card span{color:#6e879b;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.8px;margin-bottom:6px;font-size:10px;display:block}.metric-card strong{font:700 18px ui-monospace,monospace;display:block}.metric-card small{color:#526b7d;margin-top:5px;font-size:9px;display:block}.metric-orange .metric-icon{color:var(--orange);background:#ff9b5217}.metric-violet .metric-icon{color:var(--violet);background:#b292ff17}.metric-green .metric-icon{color:var(--green);background:#42e8a317}.fundamentals-intro{grid-template-columns:1.05fr .95fr;align-items:center;gap:55px;margin-bottom:65px;padding:38px;display:grid}.fundamentals-intro h2{letter-spacing:-.8px;font-size:30px}.fundamentals-intro p{color:var(--muted);line-height:1.72}.capacitor-diagram{justify-content:center;align-items:center;min-height:260px;display:flex;position:relative}.diagram-plate{border-radius:8px;align-items:center;width:28px;height:210px;display:grid;position:relative;box-shadow:0 0 28px}.diagram-plate.positive{color:var(--orange);background:linear-gradient(#ffb271,#ec7226)}.diagram-plate.negative{color:#3eaeff;background:linear-gradient(#4ac7ff,#2176ee)}.diagram-plate span{color:#fff;font:700 18px ui-monospace,monospace;position:absolute}.diagram-plate.positive span{left:-25px}.diagram-plate.negative span{right:-25px}.diagram-plate label{color:#7890a5;text-align:center;width:100px;font-size:10px;position:absolute;bottom:-29px;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%)}.diagram-field{background:linear-gradient(90deg,#ff9b520d,#37ddea14);place-content:center;gap:23px;width:210px;height:190px;display:grid;position:relative}.diagram-field i{background:linear-gradient(90deg, var(--orange), var(--cyan));width:160px;height:1px;position:relative}.diagram-field i:after{content:"›";color:var(--cyan);font-size:18px;position:absolute;top:-10px;right:-2px}.diagram-field strong,.diagram-field small{white-space:nowrap;position:absolute;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%)}.diagram-field strong{color:#9adce5;font-size:11px;top:50%}.diagram-field small{color:#547084;top:58%}.concept-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:14px;margin-bottom:65px;display:grid}.concept-card{border:1px solid var(--line);background:#0b1825b8;border-radius:15px;min-height:195px;padding:23px;position:relative}.concept-card>svg{width:20px;color:var(--cyan)}.concept-card h3{margin:22px 0 8px}.concept-card p{color:var(--muted);font-size:12px;line-height:1.55}.concept-symbol{color:#37ddea2e;font:700 38px Georgia,serif;position:absolute;top:15px;right:18px}.unit-pill{color:var(--orange);font:700 10px ui-monospace,monospace}.formula-section{margin-bottom:60px}.formula-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:14px;display:grid}.formula-block{border:1px solid var(--line);background:linear-gradient(135deg,#0e1f2fcc,#08131eb3);border-radius:14px;min-height:130px;padding:24px}.formula-block code{color:var(--cyan-soft);margin-bottom:14px;font:700 21px ui-monospace,monospace;display:block}.formula-block p{color:var(--muted);font-size:12px;line-height:1.55}.worked-example{grid-template-columns:auto 1fr auto;align-items:center;gap:25px;padding:32px;display:grid}.example-icon{width:58px;height:58px;color:var(--violet);background:#b292ff1a;border-radius:15px;place-items:center;display:grid}.worked-example h2{margin:0 0 10px}.worked-example p{color:var(--muted);margin:8px 0}.worked-example code{color:#c9b8ff;font-size:12px}.example-result{color:var(--green);align-items:center;gap:8px;margin-top:14px;display:flex}.mode-panel{justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:25px;min-height:76px;margin-bottom:16px;padding:13px 17px;display:flex}.mode-explanation{align-items:center;gap:13px;max-width:520px;display:flex}.mode-icon{width:40px;height:40px;color:var(--cyan);background:#37ddea14;border-radius:11px;flex:0 0 40px;place-items:center;display:grid}.mode-icon svg{width:19px}.mode-explanation strong{font-size:12px}.mode-explanation p{color:var(--muted);margin:3px 0 0;font-size:10px;line-height:1.4}.mode-explanation.isolated .mode-icon{color:var(--orange);background:#ff9b5214}.simulator-layout{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 340px;gap:16px;display:grid}.scene-panel{min-width:0;overflow:hidden}.scene-toolbar{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);color:#8098ab;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.7px;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;height:54px;padding:0 18px;font-size:10px;display:flex}.scene-toolbar>span{align-items:center;gap:8px;display:flex}.scene-toolbar .live-dot{margin:0}.camera-buttons{gap:5px;display:flex}.camera-buttons button{border:1px solid var(--line);color:#738a9e;cursor:pointer;background:#ffffff06;border-radius:7px;height:28px;padding:0 9px;font-size:9px}.camera-buttons button.active{color:var(--cyan-soft);background:#37ddea14;border-color:#37ddea59}.camera-buttons svg{width:13px}.capacitor-canvas{background:#06101f;width:100%;height:515px}.scene-label{color:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);white-space:nowrap;-webkit-backdrop-filter:blur(7px);backdrop-filter:blur(7px);background:#06101fbf;border-radius:7px;padding:5px 9px;font-size:11px}.scene-label.positive{border-color:#ff9b5266}.scene-label.negative{border-color:#278cff73}.scene-legend{border-top:1px solid var(--line);color:#698399;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:center;align-items:center;gap:22px;min-height:42px;font-size:9px;display:flex}.scene-legend span{align-items:center;gap:6px;display:flex}.scene-legend i{border-radius:3px;width:8px;height:8px}.legend-positive{background:var(--orange)}.legend-negative{background:var(--blue)}.legend-field{background:var(--cyan);box-shadow:0 0 7px var(--cyan)}.control-panel{padding:23px}.panel-title{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);justify-content:space-between;align-items:flex-start;padding-bottom:14px;display:flex}.panel-title h2{margin:0;font-size:18px}.panel-title>svg{width:21px;color:var(--cyan)}.input-note{color:#688196;border-left:2px solid var(--orange);background:#ff9b520a;margin:-9px 0 10px;padding:8px 10px;font-size:9px;line-height:1.4}.visibility-controls{border-top:1px solid var(--line);flex-wrap:wrap;gap:7px;padding-top:18px;display:flex}.visibility-controls .control-caption{width:100%}.visibility-controls button{border:1px solid var(--line);color:#5d768a;cursor:pointer;background:0 0;border-radius:7px;align-items:center;gap:5px;height:30px;padding:0 8px;font-size:9px;display:flex}.visibility-controls button.active{color:#b9d3e4;background:#37ddea0d}.visibility-controls svg{width:12px}.model-note{align-items:center;gap:14px;min-height:72px;margin-top:16px;padding:16px 20px;display:flex}.model-note>svg{color:var(--cyan)}.model-note strong{font-size:11px}.model-note p{color:var(--muted);margin:3px 0 0;font-size:10px;line-height:1.45}.model-note>span{color:var(--cyan-soft);white-space:nowrap;margin-left:auto;font:700 12px ui-monospace,monospace}.webgl-fallback{background:#06101f;justify-content:center;align-items:center;min-height:400px;display:flex;position:relative}.plate-2d{border-radius:7px;width:18px;height:180px}.plate-2d.positive{background:var(--orange)}.plate-2d.negative{background:var(--blue)}.field-2d{border-block:1px dashed var(--cyan);background:#37ddea0f;height:150px}.webgl-fallback p{color:var(--muted);position:absolute;bottom:20px}.rc-layout{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 340px;gap:16px;display:grid}.circuit-panel{overflow:hidden}.rc-topbar{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;height:64px;padding:0 20px;display:flex}.simulation-status{color:#728a9d;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.8px;align-items:center;gap:7px;font-size:10px;display:flex}.simulation-status i{background:#4d6274;border-radius:50%;width:7px;height:7px}.simulation-status.running i{background:var(--green);box-shadow:0 0 8px var(--green);animation:1.4s infinite pulse}.circuit-visual{background:radial-gradient(circle,#13426038,#0000 55%),#07111c;border:1px solid #8bc1e41a;border-radius:16px;height:350px;margin:20px;position:relative}.circuit-wire{background:#2b6686;height:3px;position:absolute;left:12%;right:12%}.wire-top{top:25%}.wire-bottom{bottom:25%}.circuit-wire:before,.circuit-wire:after{content:"";background:#2b6686;width:3px;height:178px;position:absolute;top:0}.circuit-wire:before{left:0}.circuit-wire:after{right:0}.moving-charge{opacity:0;background:var(--cyan);width:9px;height:9px;box-shadow:0 0 11px var(--cyan);border-radius:50%;position:absolute;top:-3px}.circuit-visual.active .moving-charge{opacity:1;animation:2.4s linear infinite flow}.circuit-visual.active .moving-charge.delay{animation-delay:-1.2s}.circuit-visual.discharge.active .moving-charge{animation-direction:reverse}.battery-symbol,.resistor-symbol,.capacitor-symbol,.switch-symbol{text-align:center;color:#bcd2e1;position:absolute}.battery-symbol{top:43%;left:6%}.battery-symbol svg{width:40px;height:40px;color:var(--orange);display:block}.battery-symbol span{color:var(--orange);position:absolute;left:40px}.battery-symbol small,.resistor-symbol small,.capacitor-symbol small,.switch-symbol small{color:#698399;margin-top:6px;font:10px ui-monospace,monospace;display:block}.resistor-symbol{top:18%;left:43%}.resistor-symbol div{color:var(--orange);letter-spacing:-3px;font:18px ui-monospace,monospace}.capacitor-symbol{top:40%;right:7%}.capacitor-symbol div{gap:8px;display:flex}.capacitor-symbol i{background:var(--cyan);border-radius:4px;width:4px;height:55px;box-shadow:0 0 10px #37ddea66}.switch-symbol{bottom:17%;left:42%}.switch-symbol i,.switch-symbol b{transform-origin:100%;background:#7d9aae;width:40px;height:3px;display:inline-block}.switch-symbol i{transform:rotate(-18deg)}.circuit-visual.active .switch-symbol i{transform:rotate(0)}.voltage-readout{text-align:center;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#081522d1;border-radius:10px;width:120px;padding:12px;position:absolute;inset:40% auto auto 50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%)}.voltage-readout span{color:#647e92;font-size:10px;display:block}.voltage-readout strong{color:var(--cyan-soft);font:700 18px ui-monospace,monospace}.transport-controls{border-top:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:auto 1fr auto;align-items:center;gap:18px;min-height:72px;padding:0 20px;display:grid}.play-button{background:var(--cyan);color:#031116;cursor:pointer;border:0;border-radius:10px;align-items:center;gap:8px;height:40px;padding:0 15px;font-size:11px;font-weight:800;display:flex}.play-button svg{width:17px}.timeline{background:#173149;border-radius:4px;height:5px;overflow:hidden}.timeline span{background:linear-gradient(90deg, var(--cyan), var(--green));height:100%;display:block}.transport-controls time{color:#758da0;font:10px ui-monospace,monospace}.tau-highlight{background:#37ddea0d;border:1px solid #37ddea33;border-radius:12px;margin-top:24px;padding:18px}.tau-highlight span,.tau-highlight small{color:#6f879a;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:1px;font-size:9px;display:block}.tau-highlight strong{color:var(--cyan-soft);margin:7px 0;font:700 20px ui-monospace,monospace;display:block}.chart-panel{margin-top:16px;padding:24px}.chart-heading{justify-content:space-between;align-items:flex-start;gap:15px;min-height:42px;display:flex}.chart-heading h2,.chart-heading h3{margin:0;font-size:18px}.simulated-pill{color:#6f8ca1;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.8px;background:#ffffff09;border-radius:12px;padding:5px 8px;font-size:8px}.model-disclaimer{color:#5e778b;text-align:center;margin:18px 0 0;font-size:10px}.tau-hero{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;align-items:center;gap:50px;padding:30px;display:grid}.tau-copy h2{margin:0 0 20px;font-size:36px}.tau-copy>p{color:var(--muted);line-height:1.6}.tau-percents{gap:35px;margin-bottom:22px;display:flex}.tau-percents div{grid-template-columns:auto auto;align-items:center;gap:0 8px;display:grid}.tau-percents svg{color:var(--cyan);grid-row:span 2}.tau-percents strong{font:700 28px ui-monospace,monospace}.tau-percents span{color:var(--muted);font-size:11px}.tau-controls{border-left:1px solid var(--line);padding-left:40px}.tau-controls .metric-card{margin-top:24px}.tau-analysis{grid-template-columns:1.3fr .7fr;gap:16px;display:grid}.tau-table{margin-top:16px;padding:24px}.tau-table h2{margin:0 0 18px;font-size:18px}table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:11px}th{color:#6f879b;text-align:left;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:10px;font-weight:600}td{color:#b9ccda;border-bottom:1px solid #8bc1e414;padding:13px 10px}td:first-child{color:var(--cyan-soft);font-family:ui-monospace,monospace}.graph-controls{grid-template-columns:auto repeat(5,1fr);align-items:center;gap:22px;margin-bottom:16px;padding:10px 24px;display:grid}.graph-controls>svg{color:var(--cyan)}.graph-controls .slider-control{margin:8px 0}.scientific-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:16px;display:grid}.scientific-chart{min-width:0;padding:20px 12px 10px}.scientific-chart .chart-heading{padding:0 10px}.scientific-chart .chart-heading>div{align-items:center;gap:10px;display:flex}.chart-index{color:#466076;font:700 10px ui-monospace,monospace}.scientific-chart:last-child{grid-column:1/-1}.calculator-layout{grid-template-columns:310px minmax(0,1fr);gap:16px;display:grid}.calculator-tabs{align-content:start;gap:7px;padding:15px;display:grid}.calculator-tabs .control-caption{padding:7px 10px}.calculator-tabs button{text-align:left;color:#7891a5;cursor:pointer;background:0 0;border:1px solid #0000;border-radius:11px;align-items:center;gap:12px;min-height:65px;padding:10px 12px;display:flex}.calculator-tabs button.active{color:#e5f6ff;background:#37ddea12;border-color:#37ddea38}.calculator-tabs svg{width:18px;color:var(--cyan);flex:0 0 18px}.calculator-tabs strong,.calculator-tabs small{display:block}.calculator-tabs strong{font-size:12px}.calculator-tabs small{color:#587287;margin-top:3px;font:10px ui-monospace,monospace}.calculator-workspace{padding:30px}.calculator-title{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;padding-bottom:22px;display:flex}.calculator-title h2{color:var(--cyan-soft);margin:0;font:700 27px ui-monospace,monospace}.icon-button{border:1px solid var(--line);color:#7490a4;cursor:pointer;background:#ffffff06;border-radius:10px;place-items:center;width:40px;height:40px;display:grid}.icon-button svg{width:17px}.calculator-fields{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:14px;margin:26px 0;display:grid}.calculator-fields label>span{color:#8da4b5;margin-bottom:8px;font-size:11px;display:block}.calculator-fields label>div{border:1px solid var(--line);background:#071522;border-radius:10px;align-items:center;height:48px;display:flex;overflow:hidden}.calculator-fields input{color:#fff;background:0 0;border:0;outline:none;width:100%;min-width:0;height:100%;padding:0 13px}.calculator-fields label strong{color:var(--cyan);padding:0 12px;font-size:11px}.calculate-button{width:100%}.calculation-result{background:#42e8a309;border:1px solid #42e8a333;border-radius:14px;margin-top:26px;overflow:hidden}.result-head{border-bottom:1px solid #42e8a326;grid-template-columns:auto 1fr auto;align-items:center;gap:12px;min-height:78px;padding:17px 22px;display:grid}.result-head svg{color:var(--green)}.result-head span{color:#749087;font-size:11px}.result-head strong{color:var(--green);font:700 25px ui-monospace,monospace}.calculation-result ol{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);gap:20px;margin:0;padding:20px 22px;list-style:none;display:grid}.calculation-result li{gap:12px;display:flex}.calculation-result li>span{width:24px;height:24px;color:var(--cyan);background:#37ddea17;border-radius:50%;flex:0 0 24px;place-items:center;font-size:10px;display:grid}.calculation-result li strong,.calculation-result li code{display:block}.calculation-result li strong{color:#7f98aa;margin-bottom:6px;font-size:10px}.calculation-result li code{color:#c7dbe8;white-space:normal;font-size:11px}.calculation-error{color:#ff9eaa;background:#ff6b7a0f;border:1px solid #ff6b7a4d;border-radius:10px;margin-top:22px;padding:15px}.capacitor-types{grid-template-columns:repeat(5,1fr);gap:14px;margin-bottom:65px;display:grid}.type-card{border:1px solid var(--line);background:linear-gradient(145deg,#0e1e2ecc,#07111ccc);border-radius:15px;min-height:285px;padding:24px}.component-illustration{height:90px;color:var(--cyan);background:radial-gradient(circle,#37ddea1a,#0000 60%);border-radius:12px;place-items:center;margin-bottom:20px;display:grid;position:relative}.component-illustration svg{width:42px;height:42px}.component-illustration span{background:currentColor;width:25px;height:1px;position:absolute;bottom:12px}.component-illustration span:first-of-type{left:28%;transform:rotate(65deg)}.component-illustration span:last-of-type{right:28%;transform:rotate(-65deg)}.type-title{justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:5px;display:flex}.type-title h3{margin:0;font-size:15px}.type-title span{color:#617a8d;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:8px}.type-card p{color:var(--muted);margin-top:13px;font-size:11px;line-height:1.6}.applications-section{margin-bottom:50px}.application-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:14px;display:grid}.application-grid article{border:1px solid var(--line);background:#0a1724b3;border-radius:15px;min-height:190px;padding:25px;position:relative}.app-number{color:#425c71;font:700 10px ui-monospace,monospace;position:absolute;top:18px;right:19px}.application-icon{width:42px;height:42px;color:var(--cyan);background:#37ddea14;border-radius:11px;place-items:center;display:grid}.application-icon svg{width:20px}.application-grid h3{margin:20px 0 8px;font-size:15px}.application-grid p{color:var(--muted);font-size:11px;line-height:1.55}.selection-guide{grid-template-columns:.8fr 1.2fr;align-items:center;gap:40px;padding:26px;display:grid}.selection-guide h2{margin:0}.selection-guide p{color:var(--muted);margin:0;line-height:1.65}.experiment-selector{grid-template-columns:repeat(6,1fr);gap:7px;margin-bottom:16px;display:grid}.experiment-selector button{border:1px solid var(--line);color:#758da0;cursor:pointer;background:#0a1623a6;border-radius:11px;min-height:75px;padding:10px;font-size:9px}.experiment-selector button span{color:#4f6a7f;margin-bottom:5px;font:700 9px ui-monospace,monospace;display:block}.experiment-selector button.active{color:#dcf7ff;background:#37ddea14;border-color:#37ddea59}.experiment-selector button.active span{color:var(--cyan)}.experiment-layout{grid-template-columns:340px minmax(0,1fr);gap:16px;display:grid}.experiment-guide,.experiment-sim{padding:25px}.experiment-heading{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);align-items:center;gap:14px;padding-bottom:20px;display:flex}.experiment-icon{width:43px;height:43px;color:var(--cyan);background:#37ddea14;border-radius:12px;place-items:center;display:grid}.experiment-heading span{color:var(--cyan);text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:1px;font-size:9px}.experiment-heading h2{margin:4px 0 0;font-size:18px}.guide-block{margin:22px 0}.guide-block h3{color:#a9bdcb;align-items:center;gap:8px;font-size:11px;display:flex}.guide-block h3 svg{width:15px;color:var(--cyan)}.guide-block p,.guide-block li{color:var(--muted);font-size:11px;line-height:1.6}.guide-block ol{padding-left:20px}.concept-tags{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:7px;display:flex}.concept-tags span{color:#8bb1c6;text-transform:uppercase;background:#37ddea0f;border-radius:12px;padding:5px 8px;font-size:8px}.initial-params{background:#ffffff06;border-radius:9px;padding:13px;font-size:10px}.initial-params strong,.initial-params span{display:block}.initial-params span{color:var(--muted);margin-top:5px}.experiment-output{background:#37ddea0a;border:1px solid #37ddea33;border-radius:12px;min-height:105px;margin:24px 0 16px;padding:18px}.experiment-output span,.experiment-output small{color:#6e879b;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.8px;font-size:9px;display:block}.experiment-output strong{color:var(--cyan-soft);margin:9px 0;font:700 20px ui-monospace,monospace;display:block}.results-table{max-height:280px;margin-top:22px;overflow:auto}.empty-row{text-align:center;padding:28px;color:#526b7d!important}.experiment-conclusion{align-items:center;gap:18px;margin-top:16px;padding:24px;display:flex}.experiment-conclusion>svg{width:30px;color:var(--green)}.experiment-conclusion h2{margin:0 0 6px;font-size:17px}.experiment-conclusion p{color:var(--muted);margin:0;font-size:11px;line-height:1.6}.quiz-card,.quiz-result{width:min(820px,100%);margin:0 auto;padding:36px}.quiz-progress{color:#738da1;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.8px;grid-template-columns:1fr auto;gap:8px;font-size:10px;display:grid}.quiz-progress strong{color:var(--cyan)}.quiz-progress>div{background:#173149;border-radius:4px;grid-column:1/-1;height:4px;overflow:hidden}.quiz-progress i{background:linear-gradient(90deg, var(--cyan), var(--blue));height:100%;transition:width .35s;display:block}.question-icon{width:52px;height:52px;color:var(--cyan);background:#37ddea14;border-radius:15px;place-items:center;margin:35px 0 20px;display:grid}.quiz-card h2{margin-bottom:25px;font-size:25px;line-height:1.3}.quiz-options{gap:10px;display:grid}.quiz-options button{text-align:left;border:1px solid var(--line);color:#b2c4d2;cursor:pointer;background:#ffffff05;border-radius:11px;align-items:center;gap:13px;min-height:55px;padding:9px 15px;display:flex}.quiz-options button:hover:not(.muted):not(.correct):not(.wrong){background:#37ddea0a;border-color:#37ddea59}.quiz-options button>span{color:#7890a4;background:#ffffff0a;border-radius:8px;flex:0 0 30px;place-items:center;width:30px;height:30px;font:700 11px ui-monospace,monospace;display:grid}.quiz-options button>svg{width:18px;margin-left:auto}.quiz-options button.correct{color:#bcf9dc;background:#42e8a312;border-color:#42e8a366}.quiz-options button.wrong{color:#ffb8c0;background:#ff6b7a12;border-color:#ff6b7a66}.quiz-options button.muted{opacity:.45}.answer-feedback{background:#42e8a30d;border:1px solid #42e8a333;border-radius:11px;margin-top:20px;padding:18px}.answer-feedback>div{color:var(--green);align-items:center;gap:8px;display:flex}.answer-feedback svg{width:18px}.answer-feedback p{color:var(--muted);margin:9px 0 15px;font-size:12px;line-height:1.55}.answer-feedback.wrong{background:#ff6b7a0d;border-color:#ff6b7a33}.answer-feedback.wrong>div{color:var(--danger)}.quiz-result{text-align:center}.award-ring{width:85px;height:85px;color:var(--yellow);background:#ffd56814;border:1px solid #ffd56833;border-radius:50%;place-items:center;margin:0 auto 25px;display:grid}.award-ring svg{width:38px;height:38px}.quiz-result h2{margin:5px 0 8px;font:700 58px ui-monospace,monospace}.quiz-result>strong{color:var(--cyan)}.quiz-result p{color:var(--muted)}.score-track{background:#173149;border-radius:5px;width:70%;height:6px;margin:24px auto;overflow:hidden}.score-track span{background:linear-gradient(90deg, var(--cyan), var(--green));height:100%;display:block}.presentation-page{background:radial-gradient(circle at 70% 20%,#0e6eb82e,#0000 40%),#050b13;min-height:100vh}.presentation-page>header{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;height:72px;padding:0 28px;display:flex}.presentation-brand{align-items:center;gap:10px;font-weight:800;text-decoration:none;display:flex}.presentation-brand svg{color:var(--cyan)}.presentation-brand span{color:var(--cyan);text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:1px;background:#37ddea12;border-radius:10px;padding:5px 8px;font-size:9px}.presentation-page header>div{gap:10px;display:flex}.presentation-page header button,.presentation-page header a:not(.presentation-brand){border:1px solid var(--line);color:#9bb0c0;cursor:pointer;background:#ffffff06;border-radius:9px;align-items:center;gap:7px;height:36px;padding:0 12px;font-size:10px;text-decoration:none;display:flex}.presentation-page header svg{width:15px}.presentation-page>main{grid-template-columns:210px 1fr;min-height:calc(100vh - 72px);display:grid}.presentation-page aside{border-right:1px solid var(--line);flex-direction:column;gap:7px;padding:25px 14px;display:flex}.presentation-page aside .eyebrow{margin-bottom:10px;padding:0 10px}.presentation-page aside button{text-align:left;color:#7790a4;cursor:pointer;background:0 0;border:1px solid #0000;border-radius:10px;align-items:center;gap:10px;min-height:54px;padding:0 12px;font-size:11px;display:flex}.presentation-page aside button svg{width:18px}.presentation-page aside button.active{color:#fff;background:#37ddea14;border-color:#37ddea40}.presentation-page aside .quick-reset{border-color:var(--line);margin-top:auto}.presentation-stage{grid-template-rows:auto 1fr auto;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 390px;gap:16px;min-width:0;padding:24px;display:grid}.presentation-title{grid-column:1/-1;justify-content:space-between;align-items:flex-end;display:flex}.presentation-title span{color:var(--cyan);text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:1.2px;font-size:11px}.presentation-title h1{margin:5px 0 4px;font-size:38px}.presentation-title p{color:var(--muted);margin:0}.presentation-title code{color:var(--cyan-soft);border:1px solid var(--line);background:#37ddea0d;border-radius:10px;padding:12px 15px;font:700 15px ui-monospace,monospace}.presentation-stage>.capacitor-canvas{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:17px;grid-row:2/4;height:auto;min-height:560px;overflow:hidden}.presentation-slider{border:1px solid var(--line);background:#0b1a28bf;border-radius:15px;grid-column:2;align-self:start;padding:20px}.presentation-metrics{grid-column:2;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);align-self:end;gap:10px;display:grid}.presentation-metrics .metric-card{min-height:90px}.presentation-metrics .metric-icon{display:none}@keyframes pulse{50%{opacity:.45}}@keyframes flow{0%{left:0}to{left:100%}}@keyframes spin{to{transform:rotate(360deg)}}@media (width<=1200px){.module-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)}.capacitor-types,.graph-controls{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}.graph-controls>svg{display:none}.presentation-stage{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 320px}.hero-section{grid-template-columns:1fr;padding-top:90px}.hero-section:after{display:none}.hero-copy{text-align:center;margin:0 auto}.hero-actions,.hero-facts{justify-content:center}.hero-visual{width:100%;max-width:850px;margin:0 auto}.metrics-grid.five{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}}@media (width<=900px){.sidebar{transform:translate(-100%);width:260px!important}.sidebar.open{transform:translate(0)}.content,.nav-collapsed .content{margin-left:0}.nav-collapsed .sidebar .brand>span:last-child,.nav-collapsed .sidebar nav a span,.nav-collapsed .presentation-link span,.nav-collapsed .science-badge>span:last-child,.nav-collapsed .collapse-button span{display:block}.mobile-menu{z-index:30;border:1px solid var(--line);width:42px;height:42px;color:var(--cyan);-webkit-backdrop-filter:blur(12px);backdrop-filter:blur(12px);background:#06101be0;border-radius:11px;place-items:center;display:grid;position:fixed;top:14px;left:14px}.close-mobile{color:#71899c;background:0 0;border:0;place-items:center;width:32px;height:32px;display:grid}.sidebar-backdrop{z-index:35;background:#000000a6;border:0;display:block;position:fixed;inset:0}.collapse-button{display:none}.page{padding-top:80px}.simulator-layout,.rc-layout,.calculator-layout,.experiment-layout,.tau-analysis{grid-template-columns:1fr}.control-panel{order:-1}.slider-control{max-width:none}.metrics-grid,.metrics-grid.five{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)}.fundamentals-intro{grid-template-columns:1fr}.formula-grid,.concept-grid,.application-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)}.worked-example{grid-template-columns:auto 1fr}.worked-example .button{grid-column:1/-1}.graph-controls{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)}.scientific-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.scientific-chart:last-child{grid-column:auto}.calculator-fields{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)}.experiment-selector{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}.presentation-page>main{grid-template-columns:1fr}.presentation-page aside{border-right:0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);display:grid}.presentation-page aside .eyebrow{grid-column:1/-1}.presentation-page aside .quick-reset{margin:0}.presentation-stage{grid-template-columns:1fr}.presentation-stage>.capacitor-canvas{grid-row:auto;min-height:480px}.presentation-slider,.presentation-metrics{grid-column:auto}.tau-hero{grid-template-columns:1fr}.tau-controls{border-left:0;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding:20px 0 0}}@media (width<=620px){.page{padding-inline:15px;padding-bottom:45px}.page-header{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start}.page-header h1{letter-spacing:-1.5px}.hero-section{padding:85px 17px 45px}.hero-copy h1{letter-spacing:-2.8px;font-size:48px}.hero-copy>p{font-size:14px}.hero-actions{flex-direction:column}.hero-facts{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:11px}.hero-visual .capacitor-canvas{height:390px}.visual-badge{top:12px;left:12px}.floating-equation{bottom:12px;right:12px}.module-overview{padding:55px 15px}.module-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.learning-goal{grid-template-columns:1fr;margin:40px 15px;padding:25px}.goal-icon{width:52px;height:52px}.mode-panel{flex-direction:column;align-items:stretch}.segmented{width:100%}.segmented button{flex:1}.camera-buttons button:not(:first-child){width:28px;font-size:0}.camera-buttons button:not(:first-child):first-letter{font-size:9px}.capacitor-canvas{height:390px}.metrics-grid,.metrics-grid.three,.metrics-grid.five{grid-template-columns:1fr}.scene-legend{gap:10px}.concept-grid,.formula-grid,.application-grid,.capacitor-types{grid-template-columns:1fr}.fundamentals-intro{padding:25px}.capacitor-diagram{transform:scale(.85)}.worked-example{grid-template-columns:1fr;padding:24px}.worked-example .button{grid-column:auto}.rc-topbar{flex-direction:column;align-items:stretch;height:auto;min-height:80px;padding-block:12px}.circuit-visual{height:320px;margin:10px}.transport-controls{grid-template-columns:1fr;padding-block:15px}.transport-controls time{text-align:center}.tau-percents{gap:15px}.tau-analysis{grid-template-columns:1fr}.graph-controls{grid-template-columns:1fr;padding:18px}.scientific-chart{padding-inline:2px}.header-actions{width:100%}.header-actions .button{flex:1}.calculator-layout{grid-template-columns:1fr}.calculator-tabs{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)}.calculator-tabs button{padding:8px}.calculator-fields,.calculation-result ol{grid-template-columns:1fr}.result-head{grid-template-columns:auto 1fr}.result-head strong{grid-column:1/-1}.selection-guide{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:8px}.experiment-selector{display:flex;overflow-x:auto}.experiment-selector button{flex:0 0 130px}.quiz-card,.quiz-result{padding:24px 17px}.presentation-page>header{padding:0 12px}.presentation-brand span,.presentation-page header button{display:none}.presentation-page aside{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)}.presentation-stage{padding:14px}.presentation-title{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start}.presentation-title code{margin-top:10px}.presentation-stage>.capacitor-canvas{min-height:390px}.presentation-metrics{grid-template-columns:1fr}}